Enough Is Enough: Let's Cure This

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And lets use Red (660nm) and Near-Infrared (830nm) light to accomplish that.

You'll come across other terms: photo-therapy, photonic therapy, photobiomodulation.

If you know nothing of the sort, here begins your introduction.

This will include references to that "peer-reviewed" literature, or the argument quickly loses credibility.

The previous step was to link SARS-CoV-2 human infection to mitochondrial damage and hijacking.

Next we need to link the repair of mitochondrial damage, to Red (660nm) & Near-Infrared (830nm) light.

If you have come this far to arrive here with us, you are now a mitochondrial expert (or pretty close).

Now it's time for you to become a Red (660nm) and Near-Infrared (830nm) light expert.

An Annotated Bibliography : Red (662nm) & Near-Infrared (831nm) Light

To keep your interest, let's start with references that have already linked Red (660nm) and Near-Infrared (830nm) light to SARS-CoV-2 and the COVID-19 pandemic.

After that's done, we'll add on another page, important details to present more completely: Red (660nm) and Near-Infrared (830nm) light.

Light, viruses, & COVID-19

> Here is an article abstract from 2009. So this is not brand new. Sometimes, as in this case, you'll see the word laser used. Lasers usually cause heat. Not all sources of Red (660nm) and Near-Infrared (830nm) light, diodes for instance, generate heat. But here is a start: a theory, a good result, an application suggested.

Photonic approach to the selective inactivation of viruses with a near-infrared subpicosecond fiber laser

November 2009
Journal of Biomedical Optics 14(6):064042

Abstract

We report a photonic approach for selective inactivation of viruses with a near-infrared subpicosecond laser. We demonstrate that this method can selectively inactivate viral particles ranging from nonpathogenic viruses such as the M13 bacteriophage and the tobacco mosaic virus to pathogenic viruses such as the human papillomavirus and the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). At the same time, sensitive materials such as human Jurkat T cells, human red blood cells, and mouse dendritic cells remain unharmed. The laser technology targets the global mechanical properties of the viral protein shell, making it relatively insensitive to the local genetic mutation in the target viruses. As a result, the approach can inactivate both the wild and mutated strains of viruses. This intriguing advantage is particularly important in the treatment of diseases involving rapidly mutating viral species such as HIV. Our photonic approach could be used for the disinfection of viral pathogens in blood products and for the treatment of blood-borne viral diseases in the clinic.

Photonic approach to the selective inactivation of viruses with near-infrared subpicosecond fiber laser.

> "The present treatments are focused on virus removal, tissue oxygenation, and reduction or inhibition of cytokine storm caused by severe inflammation."

Photobiomodulation and Antiviral Photodynamic Therapy as a Possible Novel Approach in COVID-19 Management.

> "We demonstrate an unconventional and revolutionary method for selective inactivation of micro-organisms by using near-infrared femtosecond laser pulses. We show that if the wavelength and pulse width of the excitation femtosecond laser are appropriately selected, there exists a window in power
density that enables us to achieve selective inactivation of target viruses and bacteria without causing cytotoxicity in mammalian cells." (NOTE: Interesting. But the target discussed is the virus, and not the host's cells).

Selective inactivation of micro-organisms with near-infrared femtosecond laser pulses.

> "Photobiomodulation (PBM) employs low levels of red or near-infrared (NIR) light to treat and heal wounds and injuries, reduce pain and inflammation, regenerate damaged tissue, and protect tissue at risk of dying [104]. Instead of directly targeting viruses, PBM mainly acts on the host cells, which absorb light in the red and near-infrared spectral region [104]. Literature indicates that photons are absorbed by multiple cellular chromophores, including mitochondrial enzymes, to trigger the biological effects of PBM." (NOTE: See especially Section 8., page 4 for pertinent information, although other sections are also of value).

Light-based technologies for management of COVID-19 pandemic crisis.

> "Suggested use of PBM (photobiomodulation) for cytokine storm in COVID-19." Note: and of course, its application should extend well beyond the setting of "cytokine storm" only.

Can Transdermal PhotobiomodulationHelp Us at the Time of COVID-19

> "Photobiomodulation could be a promising novel treatment approach. In this non-invasive method, light-emitting diodes or low-level lasers are used to irradiate on the tissue in order to activate the cellular photo-acceptors. Irradiation is absorbed by the internal photo-acceptors like porphyrins, cytochrome C oxidase, and light-sensitive ion channels. Cytochrome C oxidase is unit IV of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, absorbing the red and near infrared wavelengths. This leads to higher electron transport, increased mitochondrial membrane potential and increased production of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP)."

Probable positive effects of the photobiomodulation as an adjunctive treatment in COVID-19: A systematic review

> "Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with lung inflammation and cytokine storm. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) is a safe, non-invasive therapy with significant anti-inflammatory effects. Adjunct PBMT has been employed in treating patients with lung conditions. Human studies and experimental models of respiratory disease suggest PBMT reduces inflammation and promotes lung healing."

A 57-year-old african american man with severe COVID-19 pneumonia who responded to supportive photobiomodulation therapy. First use of PBMT in COVID-19.

----------- Below this line, ... photons, but not the same subject --------

Light of a Different Color

> "Antimicrobial resistance is a significant and growing concern. To continue to treat even
simple infections, there is a pressing need for new alternative and complementary
approaches to antimicrobial therapy. One possible addition to the current range of
treatments is the use of narrow-wavelength light as an antimicrobial, which has been
shown to eliminate a range of common pathogens."

NOTE: While this is still in the field of discussion, it is presenting BLUE light for its antimicrobial effects (e.g., UV-C) but NOT RED Light.

Light as a Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial

> "... proposing particles of similar sizes that could attach to SARS-CoV-2 viruses,
disrupting their structure with a combination of infrared light treatment. That structural
change would then halt the ability of the virus to survive and reproduce in the body."

NOTE: This is about using particles the same size as the virus (nanoparticles) which would attach to the virus and kill it with infrared light. Interesting, but not at all related to applications or Red (660nm) & Near-Infrared (830nm) light to address mitochindrial problems in a human.

Placed here to help distinguish the two as separate and unrelated. I also note, that it is not published in the "peer-reviewed" literature, but a publication belong to a nan-technology firm.

Nanoparticles Cast New Light on Mysterious Coronavirus, Treatment Is Around the Corner.

> "... phototherapy is a promising treatment modality, which needs to be validated further for COVID-19 by robust and rigorous randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trials to evaluate its impartial outcomes and safety."

Phototherapy as a Rational Antioxidant Treatment Modality in COVID-19 Management New Concept and Strategic Approach : A Critical Review

CONCLUSIONS:

This page presented a current look at light therapy and COVID-19.

How does that read today, 30 November, 2020?

- - Based on this review, researchers are moving towards COVID-19 with light.
  - Some of this light is not aimed at the mitochondria that we have been interested in, but at the virus itself. It's a different topic.
  - Here we find reports of "First use" of this therapy in a COVID-19 patient. That was done with laser and not diodes. It's reported as a first, but certainly wasn't.
  - A fair amount a variation in effective explanation of effects of Red (660nm) and Near-Infrared (830nm) light seems to come across.
  - A rough beginning, but nevertheless, a beginning.
  - Suggestions about how this therapy should be further studied. This does not give a sense that the time is now to move ahead with a new application of an already well established treatment device. A review of past applications and for what illnesses, what is actually known and already being applied since at least a few years, should help here.
So before pushing ahead with how Red (660nm) and Near-Infrared (830nm) light therapy for COVID-19 should be put in place most effectively, something is still missing.
And that something is a more complete presentation of Red (660nm) and Near-Infrared (830nm) light as photobiomodulation:
- How it works. A bit more on light.
- In what clinical settings.
- But always with a selective hand on gathering information pertinent to COVID-19 therapy ASAP.